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Troubleshooting: Handoff and Runbooks

Common issues and solutions for monitoring, runbooks, training, and handoff.

Monitoring Issues

Grafana Not Accessible

Symptoms:

  • Cannot access Grafana UI
  • Connection refused
  • Timeout errors

Investigation:

bash
# Check pod status
kubectl get pods -n monitoring

# Check service
kubectl get svc -n monitoring

# Check port-forward
kubectl port-forward -n monitoring svc/prometheus-grafana 3000:80

Solutions:

  1. Verify pod is running: kubectl get pods -n monitoring
  2. Check service exists: kubectl get svc -n monitoring
  3. Verify port-forward: Use correct service name and port
  4. Check firewall rules (if applicable)

Prometheus Not Scraping Metrics

Symptoms:

  • No metrics in Prometheus
  • Targets showing as down
  • Missing metrics

Investigation:

bash
# Check Prometheus targets
kubectl port-forward -n monitoring svc/prometheus-kube-prometheus-prometheus 9090:9090
# Open http://localhost:9090/targets

# Check ServiceMonitor
kubectl get servicemonitor -n monitoring

# Check pod metrics endpoint
kubectl exec [pod-name] -n [namespace] -- curl http://localhost:8080/metrics

Solutions:

  1. Verify ServiceMonitor exists: kubectl get servicemonitor
  2. Check service labels match ServiceMonitor selector
  3. Verify metrics endpoint is accessible
  4. Check network policies (if applicable)

Alerts Not Firing

Symptoms:

  • Alerts configured but not firing
  • No alert notifications
  • Alerts in pending state

Investigation:

bash
# Check alert rules
kubectl get prometheusrule -n monitoring

# Check Prometheus alerts
kubectl port-forward -n monitoring svc/prometheus-kube-prometheus-prometheus 9090:9090
# Open http://localhost:9090/alerts

# Check Alertmanager
kubectl port-forward -n monitoring svc/prometheus-kube-prometheus-alertmanager 9093:9093
# Open http://localhost:9093

Solutions:

  1. Verify alert rules are loaded: Check Prometheus UI
  2. Check alert conditions: Verify thresholds
  3. Verify Alertmanager configuration: Check notification channels
  4. Test alert rules: Manually trigger conditions

Runbook Issues

Runbook Not Clear

Symptoms:

  • Customer team confused by runbook
  • Steps unclear
  • Missing information

Solutions:

  1. Review runbook with customer team
  2. Add more detail to unclear steps
  3. Include examples
  4. Add screenshots/diagrams
  5. Test runbook with fresh eyes

Runbook Outdated

Symptoms:

  • Procedures don't match current system
  • Commands don't work
  • Configuration outdated

Solutions:

  1. Review and update runbook
  2. Test all procedures
  3. Verify all commands
  4. Update configuration examples
  5. Establish regular review schedule

Runbook Not Accessible

Symptoms:

  • Customer team can't find runbooks
  • Runbooks not in expected location
  • Access issues

Solutions:

  1. Verify runbook location
  2. Check access permissions
  3. Provide clear navigation
  4. Create index/table of contents
  5. Ensure version control access

Training Issues

Customer Team Struggling

Symptoms:

  • Team members not understanding
  • Exercises too difficult
  • Low confidence

Solutions:

  1. Review prerequisites
  2. Provide additional practice time
  3. Break down complex topics
  4. Offer one-on-one sessions
  5. Adjust training pace

Training Too Fast

Symptoms:

  • Information overload
  • Not enough practice time
  • Concepts not sinking in

Solutions:

  1. Slow down training pace
  2. Add more practice exercises
  3. Extend training duration
  4. Provide additional sessions
  5. Focus on fundamentals

Training Materials Incomplete

Symptoms:

  • Missing information
  • Unclear instructions
  • Examples don't work

Solutions:

  1. Review and complete materials
  2. Test all exercises
  3. Add missing information
  4. Fix examples
  5. Get feedback and improve

Handoff Issues

Customer Team Not Ready

Symptoms:

  • Low confidence
  • Not completing exercises
  • Asking basic questions

Solutions:

  1. Extend training period
  2. Provide additional practice
  3. Offer more support
  4. Adjust handoff timeline
  5. Consider gradual transition

Documentation Incomplete

Symptoms:

  • Missing documentation
  • Incomplete procedures
  • Outdated information

Solutions:

  1. Complete all documentation
  2. Review handoff checklist
  3. Fill in gaps
  4. Update outdated information
  5. Don't handoff until complete

Support Model Unclear

Symptoms:

  • Customer team unsure of support
  • Unclear escalation
  • Confusion about availability

Solutions:

  1. Clearly define support model
  2. Document support procedures
  3. Provide support contacts
  4. Explain escalation process
  5. Set clear expectations

General Troubleshooting

Access Issues

Problem: Cannot access cluster/monitoring

Solutions:

  1. Verify credentials
  2. Check RBAC permissions
  3. Verify network connectivity
  4. Check firewall rules
  5. Contact administrator

Configuration Issues

Problem: Configuration not working

Solutions:

  1. Verify configuration format
  2. Check configuration values
  3. Review configuration documentation
  4. Test in non-production
  5. Check for typos

Performance Issues

Problem: System slow or unresponsive

Solutions:

  1. Check resource usage
  2. Review metrics
  3. Identify bottlenecks
  4. Scale if needed
  5. Optimize configuration

Getting Help

Internal Resources

  • Review documentation
  • Check runbooks
  • Review troubleshooting guides
  • Check knowledge base

Support Channels

  • Email: [support-email]
  • Slack: [slack-channel]
  • Phone: [phone-number]
  • Ticket System: [ticket-url]

Escalation

  • Level 1: On-call engineer
  • Level 2: Team lead
  • Level 3: Engineering manager
  • Level 4: CTO/VP Engineering

Prevention

Best Practices

  1. Test Everything: Test all procedures before handoff
  2. Document Thoroughly: Complete documentation prevents issues
  3. Train Properly: Good training prevents operational issues
  4. Monitor Continuously: Monitoring catches issues early
  5. Review Regularly: Regular reviews catch problems

Regular Maintenance

  • Monthly: Review documentation
  • Quarterly: Comprehensive review
  • After Changes: Immediate update
  • After Incidents: Update based on lessons learned

Remember: Good troubleshooting is systematic. Follow a methodical approach and document solutions for future reference.

Released under the MIT License.